Average Axial Normal Stress
Find the average normal stress in a member carrying a centered axial force.
Try this formula
Calculate average axial normal stress; tension positive or choose another supported quantity.
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Try this formula
Calculate average axial normal stress; tension positive or choose another supported quantity.
Use decimals or scientific notation, such as 1.2e3. Calculations update as you type.
Average axial normal stress; tension positive
Enter the known values to see the result.
Use a straight member loaded through its centroid. This is an average stress away from load introduction, holes, and other stress concentrations. Tension is positive and compression negative; use the original area for engineering stress.
Difficulty
Beginner
Read time
4 min
Prerequisites
Basic algebra, mechanics, and consistent SI units
Source
raymond212 — MECH 260 — Mechanics of MaterialsReference equation: General Loading — Stress and Strain. FormuLab wrote new explanations, assumptions, applications, and numerical examples.
Definition
The same axial force produces a larger average stress when it is carried by a smaller cross section. Local stresses near geometric discontinuities can exceed this average.
Variables & Units
| Symbol | Meaning | Units |
|---|---|---|
| Average axial normal stress; tension positive | ||
| Signed axial force | ||
| Cross-sectional area normal to the force |
Real-World Applications
Tie rods
Estimate the nominal tensile stress in a centered rod.
Member comparison
Compare the stress carried by different cross sections.
Worked Example
Problem
A rod carries a tensile force of 20,000 N through an area of 0.0004 m². Find its average stress.
Given
Solution
Final Answer
Contents
Info
Tools
Source & review
Reference equation: General Loading — Stress and Strain. FormuLab wrote new explanations, assumptions, applications, and numerical examples.
Assumptions
- • Use a straight member loaded through its centroid.
- • This is an average stress away from load introduction, holes, and other stress concentrations.
- • Tension is positive and compression negative; use the original area for engineering stress.
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