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Physics

Work by a Constant Force

Energy transferred by a constant force over a displacement.

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Source & review

Difficulty

Beginner

Read time

5 min

Prerequisites

Force, displacement, and basic trigonometry

Review statusNeeds review

Source

OpenStax, University Physics Volume 1, §7.1: Work

Equation reference for a constant force. Explanation and worked example written for FormuLab.

Definition
Understanding the core concept

Only the part of a force along a displacement transfers energy through work. A force pointing along the motion does positive work; one opposing it does negative work. A perpendicular force does zero work. Holding a stationary load involves no displacement, so the holding force does no mechanical work on that load.

Variables & Units
Understanding each component
SymbolMeaningUnits
Work done by the specified force
Magnitude of the constant force
Magnitude of the displacement
Angle between force and displacement
Real-World Applications
Where this formula is used in practice

Pulling a crate

Find the work done by an angled pulling force.

Friction losses

Calculate negative work from constant friction opposing motion.

Lifting a load

Determine the work done by a constant upward lifting force.

Worked Example
Step-by-step calculation with real numbers

Problem

A rope pulls a crate 5.00 m horizontally with a constant force of 40.0 N directed 60.0° above the horizontal. Find the work done by the rope on the crate.

Given

Solution

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Final Answer

FormuLab is a study reference. Verify formulas, units, assumptions, and course-specific conventions before relying on them.

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